Optimization of Planting Patterns in South Sulawesi

South Sulawesi is one of the nine provinces in Indonesia that has the highest
contribution to the national income and its leading sector in agricultural crops including rice. The
planning of planting patterns is highly dependent on the size of the intensity of rainfall in a
particular area. Therefore, these conditions can have an impact on the level of suitability of crops
to be planted. The purpose of this study has been to analyze the water balance and identify the
optimal planting pattern. On the basis of rainfall data obtained from 4 rainfall stations, which are
Mangkoso station, Manuba station, Mareppang station, and Ralla station, during the period of 25
years (1996 – 2020), the analysis to determine the average semi-monthly rainfall can be carried
out. The results show that the maximum value of irrigation water requirements for rice-ricepalawija
planting pattern obtained for simulation 1 has occurred on 1 September by 1.66 m3/s,
while the minimum value has occurred on 1 January, 2 May, and 2 December by 0.23 m3/s. As a
conclusion, the maximum value in simulation 3 has occurred on 2 October by 1.65 m3/s, while the
minimum value has occurred on 1 February and 1 June by 0.23 m3/s. The optimization results
show that the most optimal cropping pattern is planting 100% of rice in the first and second
planting seasons with an area of 717 Ha and 71% planted with palawija in the third planting
season of 509.68 Ha. Copyright © 2022 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.
Keywords: Evapotransportation, Water Availability, Mainstay Debit, Water Demand Irrigation,
Water Balance