PENERAPAN ISOMATRIC HANDGRIP EXERCISE TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI RSUP Dr TADJUDDIN CHALID MAKASSAR
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang
menjadi penyebsiaab utama kematian dini di seluruh dunia. Prevalensi hipertensi
di Indonesia mencapai 34,11% (Riskesdas, 2018) dan di Sulawesi Selatan sebesar
31,68%. Pengendalian hipertensi dapat dilakukan melalui terapi farmakologis
maupun non farmakologis. Salah satu terapi non farmakologis yang terbukti efektif
adalah Isometric Handgrip Exercise (IHE), yaitu latihan kontraksi statis otot tangan
yang dapat memperbaiki fungsi endotel, menurunkan aktivitas simpatis, serta
menurunkan tekanan darah.
Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan penerapan Isometric Handgrip Exercise terhadap
penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di IGD RSUP Dr. Tadjuddin
Chalid Makassar.
Metode: Desain yang digunakan adalah laporan kasus pada satu pasien laki-laki
usia 54 tahun dengan riwayat hipertensi. Pengkajian keperawatan dilakukan
menggunakan pendekatan SDKI, SLKI, dan SIKI. Intervensi meliputi manajemen
peningkatan tekanan intrakranial, manajemen nyeri, dan pemberian latihan
Isometric Handgrip Exercise.
Hasil: Pasien masuk dengan tekanan darah 208/101 mmHg, nadi 107x/menit,
keluhan nyeri kepala skala 5, mual, muntah, dan kelemahan. Setelah intervensi,
tekanan darah menurun menjadi 180/80 mmHg, nadi 90x/menit, dan skala nyeri
berkurang menjadi 3. Pasien tampak lebih rileks dan mampu beradaptasi dengan
kondisi.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan Isometric Handgrip Exercise terbukti membantu
menurunkan tekanan darah serta mengurangi keluhan nyeri pada pasien
hipertensi. Latihan ini sederhana, murah, dapat dilakukan secara mandiri, dan
aman untuk dijadikan terapi pendamping farmakologis.
Saran: Perawat diharapkan dapat menjadikan IHE sebagai salah satu intervensi
non farmakologis dalam manajemen hipertensi, sementara pasien dan keluarga
diharapkan mampu menerapkan latihan ini secara rutin di rumah untuk mengontrol
tekanan darah.
Background: Hypertension is one of the major non-communicable diseases and
a leading cause of premature death worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension in
Indonesia reaches 34.11% (Riskesdas, 2018) and 31.68% in South Sulawesi.
Hypertension can be controlled through both pharmacological and non-
pharmacological therapies. One non-pharmacological therapy proven effective is
Isometric Handgrip Exercise (IHE), a static hand muscle contraction exercise that
can improve endothelial function, reduce sympathetic activity, and lower blood
pressure.
Objective: To describe the implementation of Isometric Handgrip Exercise in
reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients in the Emergency
Department of Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital Makassar.
Methods: The design used was a case report involving a 54-year-old male patient
with a history of hypertension. Nursing assessment was conducted using the SDKI,
SLKI, and SIKI approaches. Interventions included intracranial pressure
management, pain management, and the administration of Isometric Handgrip
Exercise.
Results: The patient arrived with a blood pressure of 208/101 mmHg, pulse rate
of 107 beats/minute, headache with a pain scale of 5, nausea, vomiting, and
weakness. After the intervention, blood pressure decreased to 180/80 mmHg,
pulse rate to 90 beats/minute, and the pain scale reduced to 3. The patient
appeared more relaxed and was able to adapt better to his condition.
Conclusion: The application of Isometric Handgrip Exercise effectively helped
reduce blood pressure and relieve pain in hypertensive patients. This exercise is
simple, inexpensive, can be done independently, and is safe to use as an adjunct
therapy alongside pharmacological treatment.
Recommendations: Nurses are expected to use IHE as one of the non-
pharmacological interventions in hypertension management, while patients and
families are encouraged to perform this exercise regularly at home to help control
blood pressure.
menjadi penyebsiaab utama kematian dini di seluruh dunia. Prevalensi hipertensi
di Indonesia mencapai 34,11% (Riskesdas, 2018) dan di Sulawesi Selatan sebesar
31,68%. Pengendalian hipertensi dapat dilakukan melalui terapi farmakologis
maupun non farmakologis. Salah satu terapi non farmakologis yang terbukti efektif
adalah Isometric Handgrip Exercise (IHE), yaitu latihan kontraksi statis otot tangan
yang dapat memperbaiki fungsi endotel, menurunkan aktivitas simpatis, serta
menurunkan tekanan darah.
Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan penerapan Isometric Handgrip Exercise terhadap
penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di IGD RSUP Dr. Tadjuddin
Chalid Makassar.
Metode: Desain yang digunakan adalah laporan kasus pada satu pasien laki-laki
usia 54 tahun dengan riwayat hipertensi. Pengkajian keperawatan dilakukan
menggunakan pendekatan SDKI, SLKI, dan SIKI. Intervensi meliputi manajemen
peningkatan tekanan intrakranial, manajemen nyeri, dan pemberian latihan
Isometric Handgrip Exercise.
Hasil: Pasien masuk dengan tekanan darah 208/101 mmHg, nadi 107x/menit,
keluhan nyeri kepala skala 5, mual, muntah, dan kelemahan. Setelah intervensi,
tekanan darah menurun menjadi 180/80 mmHg, nadi 90x/menit, dan skala nyeri
berkurang menjadi 3. Pasien tampak lebih rileks dan mampu beradaptasi dengan
kondisi.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan Isometric Handgrip Exercise terbukti membantu
menurunkan tekanan darah serta mengurangi keluhan nyeri pada pasien
hipertensi. Latihan ini sederhana, murah, dapat dilakukan secara mandiri, dan
aman untuk dijadikan terapi pendamping farmakologis.
Saran: Perawat diharapkan dapat menjadikan IHE sebagai salah satu intervensi
non farmakologis dalam manajemen hipertensi, sementara pasien dan keluarga
diharapkan mampu menerapkan latihan ini secara rutin di rumah untuk mengontrol
tekanan darah.
Background: Hypertension is one of the major non-communicable diseases and
a leading cause of premature death worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension in
Indonesia reaches 34.11% (Riskesdas, 2018) and 31.68% in South Sulawesi.
Hypertension can be controlled through both pharmacological and non-
pharmacological therapies. One non-pharmacological therapy proven effective is
Isometric Handgrip Exercise (IHE), a static hand muscle contraction exercise that
can improve endothelial function, reduce sympathetic activity, and lower blood
pressure.
Objective: To describe the implementation of Isometric Handgrip Exercise in
reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients in the Emergency
Department of Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital Makassar.
Methods: The design used was a case report involving a 54-year-old male patient
with a history of hypertension. Nursing assessment was conducted using the SDKI,
SLKI, and SIKI approaches. Interventions included intracranial pressure
management, pain management, and the administration of Isometric Handgrip
Exercise.
Results: The patient arrived with a blood pressure of 208/101 mmHg, pulse rate
of 107 beats/minute, headache with a pain scale of 5, nausea, vomiting, and
weakness. After the intervention, blood pressure decreased to 180/80 mmHg,
pulse rate to 90 beats/minute, and the pain scale reduced to 3. The patient
appeared more relaxed and was able to adapt better to his condition.
Conclusion: The application of Isometric Handgrip Exercise effectively helped
reduce blood pressure and relieve pain in hypertensive patients. This exercise is
simple, inexpensive, can be done independently, and is safe to use as an adjunct
therapy alongside pharmacological treatment.
Recommendations: Nurses are expected to use IHE as one of the non-
pharmacological interventions in hypertension management, while patients and
families are encouraged to perform this exercise regularly at home to help control
blood pressure.
Kata Kunci
Hipertensi, Isometric Handgrip Exercise, Keperawatan Hypertension, Isometric Handgrip Exercise, Nursing