MANAJEMEN PERUBAHAN CITRA TUBUH PADA PASIEN CA MAMMAE PASCA MASTEKTOMI DI RUANG BEDAH RSUP DR. TAJUDDIN CHALID

Latar Belakang: Pasien kanker payudara (Ca Mammae) yang menjalani
mastektomi sering mengalami masalah psikologis berupa gangguan citra
tubuh. Kehilangan salah satu bagian tubuh yang memiliki makna penting bagi
identitas perempuan dapat menimbulkan rasa malu, takut ditolak, hingga
menurunnya harga diri. Intervensi keperawatan yang tepat diperlukan untuk
membantu pasien beradaptasi dengan perubahan fisik tersebut.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran asuhan keperawatan dengan diagnosa
gangguan citra tubuh pada pasien pasca mastektomi, meliputi hasil
pengkajian, penegakan diagnosis, intervensi, implementasi, dan evaluasi
berdasarkan standar SDKI, SIKI, dan SLKI.
Metode: Studi kasus dilakukan pada pasien Ny. E di Ruang Bedah RSUP Dr.
Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar dengan diagnosa medis Ca Mammae post
mastektomi. Pengkajian dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan
pemeriksaan fisik. Diagnosa keperawatan yang ditegakkan adalah Gangguan
Citra Tubuh (D.0081). Intervensi yang diberikan mengacu pada SIKI Promosi
Citra Tubuh (I.14143), meliputi komunikasi terapeutik, edukasi tentang
perawatan luka dan perubahan fisik, latihan relaksasi, serta pelibatan
keluarga.
Hasil: Pasien awalnya menunjukkan tanda penolakan terhadap kondisi tubuh,
merasa malu, serta takut kehilangan dukungan suami. Setelah dilakukan
intervensi, pasien mulai mampu mengungkapkan perasaan, memahami
kondisi pasca operasi, mencoba teknik relaksasi, dan menunjukkan sikap
lebih terbuka. Dukungan keluarga menjadi faktor penting dalam meningkatkan
penerimaan pasien terhadap perubahan fisik.
Kesimpulan: Intervensi keperawatan berupa edukasi, terapi relaksasi, serta
keterlibatan keluarga efektif dalam membantu pasien pasca mastektomi
mengelola perubahan citra tubuh. Pendekatan holistik yang memperhatikan
aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual diperlukan agar pasien mampu
beradaptasi dan mempertahankan perannya dalam keluarga maupun masyarakat.

Background: Breast cancer patients (Ca Mammae) who undergo
mastectomy often experience psychological problems in the form of impaired
body image. Losing one of the body parts that have an important meaning for a
woman's identity can cause shame, fear of rejection, and decreased self-
esteem. Appropriate nursing interventions are needed to help patients adapt to
those physical changes. Objective: To determine the picture of nursing care
with the diagnosis of body image disorders in post-mastectomy patients,
including the results of the study, diagnosis enforcement, intervention,
implementation, and evaluation based on SDKI, SIKI, and SLKI standards.
Methods: A case study was conducted on Mrs. E's patient in the Operating
Room of Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar Hospital with a medical diagnosis of Ca
Mammae post mastectomy. The assessment was carried out through
interviews, observations, and physical examinations. The established nursing
diagnosis is Body Image Disorder (D.0081). The interventions provided refer
to the SIKI Body Image Promotion (I.14143), including therapeutic
communication, counseling, education about wound care and physical
changes, relaxation exercises, and family involvement.
Results: Patients initially showed signs of rejection of the body's condition, felt
embarrassed, and feared losing their husband's support. After the intervention,
the patient begins to be able to express feelings, understand the postoperative
condition, try relaxation techniques, and show a more open attitude. Family
support is an important factor in increasing patient acceptance of physical
changes.
Conclusions: Nursing interventions in the form of education, counseling,
relaxation therapy, and family involvement are effective in helping post-
mastectomy patients manage changes in body image. A holistic approach that
pays attention to physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects is needed
so that patients are able to adapt and maintain their role in the family and
society.