PENGARUH POSISI SEMI FOWLER 45⁰ TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SATURASI OKSIGEN PADA PASIEN ASMA BRONCHIAL DI RUANGAN IGD RS IBNU SINA MAKASSAR

Latar Belakang: Asma bronchial merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis saluran
napas yang sering menimbulkan eksaserbasi akut dengan penurunan saturasi
oksigen. Penatalaksanaan di IGD tidak hanya mencakup terapi farmakologis tetapi
juga intervensi nonfarmakologis seperti pengaturan posisi tubuh untuk mendukung
ventilasi optimal. Posisi semi-Fowler 45° dilaporkan efektif meningkatkan
oksigenasi pasien dengan gangguan pernapasan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan posisi semi-Fowler 45° terhadap
peningkatan saturasi oksigen (SpO₂) pada pasien asma bronchial di ruang IGD
RS Ibnu Sina.
Metode: Studi kasus ini dilakukan pada seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 33 tahun
dengan diagnosis medis asma bronchial. Pengkajian komprehensif dilakukan,
diagnosis keperawatan ditegakkan, dan intervensi berupa posisi semi-Fowler 45°
disertai pemberian oksigen, edukasi teknik napas efektif, serta terapi kolaboratif
diberikan. Evaluasi dilakukan setelah 1 × 8 jam perawatan.
Hasil: Setelah penerapan posisi semi-Fowler 45° selama 1 × 8 jam, saturasi
oksigen pasien meningkat dari 87 % menjadi 99 %, frekuensi napas menurun dari
30 x/menit menjadi 22 x/menit, penggunaan otot bantu napas berkurang, dan
keluhan sesak napas menurun.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan posisi semi-Fowler 45° efektif sebagai intervensi
nonfarmakologis dalam meningkatkan saturasi oksigen pada pasien asma
bronchial di ruang IGD RS Ibnu Sina. Intervensi sederhana ini dapat dijadikan
bagian dari protokol awal penatalaksanaan pasien asma bronchial di IGD.

Background: Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways
that often causes acute exacerbations with decreased oxygen saturation.
Management in the emergency room includes not only pharmacological therapy
but also non-pharmacological interventions such as body position regulation to
support optimal ventilation. The 45° semi-Fowler position is reported to be effective
in improving the oxygenation of patients with respiratory distress.
Objective: To determine the effect of the application of the 45° semi-Fowler
position on the increase in oxygen saturation (SpO
₂) in bronchial asthma patients
in the emergency room of Ibnu Sina Hospital.
Methods: This case study was conducted on a 33-year-old male patient with a
medical diagnosis of bronchial asthma. A comprehensive assessment was
conducted, a nursing diagnosis was enforced, and an intervention in the form of a
45° semi-Fowler position accompanied by oxygen administration, effective
breathing technique education, and collaborative therapy was provided. Evaluation
was carried out after 1 × 8 hours of treatment.
Results: After the application of the 45° semi-Fowler position for 1 × 8 hours, the
patient's oxygen saturation increased from 87 % to 99 %, the respiratory rate
decreased from 30 x/min to 22 x/min, the use of the ventilator muscles decreased,
and complaints of shortness of breath decreased.
Conclusion: The application of the 45° semi-Fowler position is effective as a
nonpharmacological intervention in increasing oxygen saturation in bronchial
asthma patients in the emergency room of Ibnu Sina Hospital. This simple
intervention can be used as part of the initial protocol for the management of
bronchial asthma patients in the emergency room.